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Section 1 · Key Vocabulary
重点词汇 · 点击单词听发音
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Section 2 · Text Reading
课文朗读 · 点播放键听整段
🟢 Paragraph 1 · Materials for Different Purposes 不同用途的材料
Materials are used to make objects. Objects are things you use for different purposes. Every material has physical properties. The physical properties of a material allow it to be used in certain ways. Let us consider some of the common objects in our homes. A bath towel is made of fabric because fabric absorbs water. Scissors are made of metal because metal is strong and can cut through things. A raincoat is made of plastic because plastic is waterproof. A water hose is made of rubber because rubber is flexible and waterproof.
Curtains are made of fabric because fabric is flexible, which allows the curtain to be folded at the side of the window. Some types of fabric are also opaque, which allows them to block out sunlight entering the house on a bright, sunny day. Metal trolleys are able to hold the weight of heavy groceries without bending. Trolleys are usually made of metal because metal is rigid and strong. A fish tank is made of glass because glass is transparent. Transparent materials allow us to see the fishes and plants inside the tank clearly. Glass is also waterproof so water in the tank will not leak out. Gloves are often made of rubber because rubber is waterproof and flexible.
🟢 Paragraph 3 · Same Object, Different Materials 同一物品,不同材料
An object can be made from different materials. The choice of materials depends on the use of the object. A container used to contain drinking water at home can be made of plastic, glass or metal. Plastic, glass and metals are waterproof, so they are useful for containing drinks. Clear plastic and glass are transparent so you can easily tell when the bottle is full or not. However, metal is not transparent. Glass is not as strong as plastic or metal. A container made of glass will break easily when dropped. This is why you have to be careful when handling a container made of glass.
🟢 Paragraph 4 · Many Materials Make One Object 多种材料组成一个物品
An object can be made out of different materials put together. This is because objects like cars have many parts. These different parts of an object have different purposes. The materials are selected for the different parts based on their physical properties. Car tyres are made of rubber because rubber is strong and flexible. Fabric is used to make the car seat because it is flexible and comfortable. Metal is used to make the car body because metal is strong and does not break easily. It protects the driver and passengers from injury in a car accident. Glass is used to make the windscreen because glass is transparent and waterproof. Knowing the physical properties of a material is important when designing and making new products.